A multicenter year-long randomized controlled trial of exercise training targeting cardiovascular risk factors and physical functioning in older men with prostate cancer — ASN Events
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A multicenter year-long randomized controlled trial of exercise training targeting cardiovascular risk factors and physical functioning in older men with prostate cancer (#106)

Daniel A Galvao 1 , Dennis R Taaffe 1 2 , Nigel Spry 1 3 , James Denham 4 5 , Prue Cormie 1 , David Joseph 1 3 , David S Lamb 6 , Suzanne K Chambers 1 7 8 , Robert U Newton 1
  1. Edith Cowan University Health and Wellness Institute, Joondalup, WA
  2. The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW
  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA
  4. School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW
  5. Newcastle Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW
  6. University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
  7. Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, QLD
  8. Viertel Centre for Research in Cancer Control, Cancer Council Queensland, Brisbane, QLD

Aims. Long-term prostate cancer survivors are at an increased risk for comorbidities and physical deconditioning. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a year-long randomised controlled trial of exercise training in prostate cancer survivors >5 years post-diagnosis on cardiovascular risk factors and physical functioning. Methods. Between 2010-2011, 100 long-term prostate cancer survivors from TROG 03.04 RADAR previously treated with androgen deprivation therapy and radiotherapy were randomly assigned to 6 months supervised exercise (resistance and aerobic) followed by a home-based maintenance program for 6 months (n=50) or printed educational material about physical activity (n=50) for 12 months across 13 university-affiliated exercise clinics in Australia and New Zealand. The primary endpoint was 400-m walk time as a measure of cardiovascular fitness and secondary endpoints were physical function, patient-reported outcomes, muscle strength, body composition and biomarkers. Analysis of covariance was used to compare outcomes for groups at 6 and 12 months adjusted for baseline values. Results. Participants undergoing supervised exercise showed improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness performance at 6 months (-19 seconds, [P=.029]) and 12 months (-13 seconds, [P=.028]) and better lower body physical function across the 12-month period (P<.010). Supervised exercise also improved self-reported physical functioning at 6 (P=.006) and 12 months (P=.002), appendicular skeletal muscle at 6 months (P=.019) and objective measures of muscle strength at 6 and 12 months (P<.050). There were no differences between groups for regional or total fat mass. Conclusion. Supervised exercise training in long-term (>5 years) prostate cancer survivors is more effective than physical activity educational material to increase cardiorespiratory fitness, physical function, muscle strength and self-reported physical functioning at 6 months. Importantly, these benefits were maintained in the long-term with a home-based program with follow-up at 12 months.